Socio-Environmental Problems of Water in Relation to Agriculture in Five Municipalities of the State of Chihuahua, Mexico

Abstract

The objective of this article is to identify the social and environmental characteristics and interactions in the water-agriculture relationship in the municipalities of Juárez, Chihuahua, Cuauhtémoc, Delicias and Nuevo Casas Grandes of the state of Chihuahua, For this, a bibliographic design was made from a search, selection and systematization of Open Access academic documents of the 2000-2016 period, obtaining a total of 134, from this analysis three categories were obtained: 1) international legislation, 2) interaction with communities foreign and 3) other economic activities (maquiladora industry), within which the five municipalities were grouped. As results, differences were found in the technification and type of investment in the irrigation districts affected by international treaties, while, in the interaction with communities, Mormons and Mennonites were identified with different conditions of access and use of water with respect to Mexican farmers, which has caused conflicts. In the maquiladora industry group, the main problem is related to the water supply for public-urban consumption. It is concluded that the relationship between social, environmental and economic aspects is competitive in search of a local and external benefit.